The Newari vernacular revi[s/v]ed

How can the reconstruction process after earthquakes take contemporary challenges into account, while preserving the values of vernacular architecture? This project explores and proposes architectural interventions which reinterpret the tradition while meeting the present-day needs of settlements based in the south of the Kathmandu Valley.

The traditional villages in the Kathmandu Valley are characterized by patterns, hierarchy and seismic building principles, both in architecture and urbanism. Due to the rather unorganized expansion occurring in the capital, these standards are intensely threatened. In addition, the seismic building culture is slowly fading because of a lack of written documents. \nOn the scale of the entire village, the project aims for a structured reconstruction, where renovation, densification and expansion are possible scenarios. Since the life of the Newars (inhabitants of the Valley) is centred around the traditional water system as well as the (semi) public squares, the revitalization of both as vital centres is a fundamental principle in the design proposal. The revitalization of the traditional water system not only forms a post-earthquake backup, but also fulfills the current water shortage. \nOn a smaller scale, the designed interventions are shaped by buildings which are inspired by the vernacular Newar houses. By respecting the traditional characteristics but integrating the contemporary possibilities and needs, these building answer to the preferences of the inhabitants. One of the most important aspects in the revitalization of the architecture, is spreading the resilient building knowledge. Therefore, a graphical set of building guidelines is proposed, ensuring to reach also the illiterate people. \nAnother critical point is the temporary housing units or shelters occupying agricultural land longer than originally intended. In addition, a clear collection point for debris is absent, leaving building materials spread all over the villages. By designing an assembly point on a strategic location, the first phase following an earthquake can be structured, accelerating the entire process. The proposed material bank offers a place where the inhabitants can bring both debris and shelter materials in exchange for some money. \nThe project is constructed as a research by design: the conclusions resulting out of the profound research provide a structural basis to amplify the design proposal.