Museum Luther's birth house

The history of creating Luther's birthplace starts with the reconstruction of the birth house after a large fire. Already at that time one did not just rebuilt the medieval house. Instead the succeeding baroque building (1693) expresses the admiration for the reformer. Since then two contradictory attitudes alternated regarding the numerous modifications of the birthplace: on the one hand the idealising design of the place as a monument, on the other hand the intention to provide the experience of Luther's birthplace in its 'original' medieval appearance. Stülers 1864 conversion determined the present appearance of the ensemble, protected since 1996 as UNESCO world heritage. With the demand for new exhibition buildings today the question regarding the appropriateness of the architectural approach arises again.

However, neither the monumentalization of the birth house nor the reconstruction of a medieval townscape seem to be sound enough today. The visitors, who often come from far away to see Luther's birthplace, should be able to sense the aura of the place. Anyhow at the same time the credibility of contemporary architecture should not be sacrified. The two new buildings selfconfidently continue the development of the city's structure over the last centuries. Nevertheless scale, material and construction render the presence of the extensions natural. The greycoloured 'Egernsund' bricks of the new buildings remind of annexes as still can be found on adjoining properties. Their reddish shading establishes a link to the old sandstone walls. The earthgrey of the brick material distinguishes the additions from the old buildings with their light, plastered facades. The difference strengthens the hierarchy in significance between the individual houses. While KarlFriedrich Schinkel in 1817 still requested that the building's appearance should 'remind of the time of Luther', his successor FriedrichAugust Stüler pursued a 'dignifying design'.

The outer appearance is matched by adequate, simple technical equipment. The special construction of the massive brick walls with a core of highly insulating honeycomb-bricks makes it possible to largely dispense with climatisation of the exhibition rooms. Elements for ventilation, integrated in the windowframes, provide the inflow of cool air at night. The comparatively rough appearance of the new buildings determines also the interior of the museum. All constructive materials remain visible. The brickwork and the concrete ceilings have been lime-washed in different greys; the wood of the floors and of the visible spars had been whitened slightly. Our work aimed at preserving the specific aura of the location through a quite natural insertion of the new buildings. Especially out of their tight relatedness to the atmospherically dense formation of the existing buildings, the new buildings gain their own distinct character without blurring the historical affiliations.